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WILLIAM N. BLEMAN, JR, 0F MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

MINERAL OIL aasaoet.

, No Drawing.

drocarbon oils, obtained chiefly from the Texas, Gulf, and California oil fields. The oils in this class, or group, of which the Texas oils are regarded as the type, are known commercially as asphaltic base oils, and are recognized chemically as being largely composed of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Tn applications Nos. 174255 and 174256, filed June 12, 1917, T have described and claimed the utilization of these oils in the formation of paint-vehicles and paintcompounds, and the object of the present invention is to treat these oils in such a manner that, when used in various combinations, they will exhibit increased activity and produce more satisfactory results. This ll accomplish by subjecting the oil to a hydrogenating process, either with or without oxidation. 7

Either the crude oil, or any of its fractions, distillates, or residuals, may be used in carrying out my invention, and hence by the term Texas oil, hydrocarbon or mineral oil as used in this specification and in the claims, I intend to include the crude oil and also the fractions,'distillates, and residuals. The specific oil which I have employed is thatirom the Sour Lake district, Texas, preferably the available distillates now on the market, varying from .92 to .94 sp. gr. The specific gravity of the crude oil varies from .90 to .92, and that of the residuals from .990 to 1.000.

In demonstration of my invention, I select a distillate of a light straw color, and of .9340 sp. gr. and subject it to the action of hydrogen in the presence of catalysts, with heat, until it assumes the color of light vinegar, a gradual deepening of color with increasing gravity, indicating a progressive hydrogenation.

The resultin hydrogenated product will be very much heavier and thicker than the untreated oil, and will be found to be an afinitive component when. combined with Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July in, rear.

Application filed February 9, 1921. Serial No. 443,673.

other oils, and, as such, will unite with all the drylng, semi-drying and non-drying animal and vegetable fatty oils, in all plastic compositions. By combining these hydro-' genated hydrocarbons invarying proportlons with other oils, either drying or nondrying, a drying oil may be formed which w1ll constltute a new paint-vehicle particularly adapted for use with anhydrous pigments, which will exhibit improved spreadlng and drying properties and diffusion of opacity when ground therein, as is fully described in my applications above referred to.

The oils with which the hydrogenated hydrocarbon may be combined include, tung, linseed, cottonseed, corn, sunflower seed, soy bean, cocoanut, palm-kernel and the various marine animal oils.

As described in my application No. 443671 filed herewith, remarkable results are obtamed when tung oil is employed in conunction with the Texas oils, there being apparently some aflinity between them, which results in a greatly increased activity on the part of the Texas oil when combined with fatty oils, and this activity is still further increased when the Texas oil is hydrogenated, as herein described. The tung oil 1s preferably mixed with the hydrogenated Texas oil before the latter is combined with other oils, and the percentage to be used Wlll vary in practice. As little as 5% will show an indicated action, but 15% will be found to give satisfactory results in most cases.

The proportion of the hydrogenated Texas oil to be mixed with fatty oils will depend upon the character of the fatty oil .and the purpose for which the mixture' is to be used. From 5. to 25 per cent. may be used in the formation of paint-vehicles, as described in my application No. 174,255. It

, may also be used as a diluent in liquid drier fected (either before or after hydrogenation-preferably afterand the activity of the oil will be found to be greatly increased by the double treatment.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claim 1, A mineral oil of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated.

2. A mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated and oxidized.

3. A mixture of mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated, and a fatty oil.

4:. A mixture of a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated and oxidized, and a fatty oil.

5. A mixture of a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated, and tung oil.

6. A mixture of a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated and oxidized, and tung oil.

7. A mixture of mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated; tung oil; and another fatty oil.

8. A mixture of a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, hydrogenated and oxidized; tung oil; and another fatty oil.

9. The process herein described, which consists in subjecting a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, to the action of hydrogen, in the presence of catalysts, with the aid of heat; and also subjecting it to the action of oxidizers with the aid .of heat.

10. The process herein described, which consists in subjecting a mineral oil, of the Texas oil type, to the action of hydrogen, in the presence of catalysts, with the aid of heat; and also subjecting it to the action of oxidizers, in the resence of an oxygen-carrier, with the ai of heat.

WM. N. BLAKEMAN, JR

Witnesses:

FRANCIS P. REILLY, PASQUALE JOSEPH STIRO. 

